fundamental of computer

Fundamentals of Computer Hardware MCQs

1. What does CPU stand for?
   a) Central Processing Unit
   b) Central Power Unit
   c) Central Performance Unit
   d) Central Programming Unit
   a) Central Processing Unit
2. Which of the following is a volatile memory?
   a) ROM
   b) Hard Disk
   c) RAM
   d) Flash Drive
   c) RAM
3. What type of device is a keyboard?
   a) Output
   b) Input
   c) Storage
   d) Processing
   b) Input
4. Which part of the computer is responsible for executing instructions?
   a) RAM
   b) ROM
   c) CPU
   d) Hard Drive
   c) CPU
5. What is the main function of the BIOS in a computer?
   a) Manage data storage
   b) Control peripheral devices
   c) Initialize hardware during startup
   d) Run application programs
   c) Initialize hardware during startup
6. Which of the following is the main circuit board in a computer?
   a) CPU
   b) RAM
   c) Motherboard
   d) Power Supply
   c) Motherboard
7. What does GPU stand for?
   a) General Processing Unit
   b) Graphics Processing Unit
   c) General Performance Unit
   d) Graphics Performance Unit
   b) Graphics Processing Unit
8. Which type of memory is used to store the firmware?
   a) RAM
   b) ROM
   c) Cache
   d) Hard Disk
   b) ROM
9. Which of the following is an example of an optical storage device?
   a) SSD
   b) DVD
   c) Hard Drive
   d) USB Flash Drive
   b) DVD
10. What is the primary function of the power supply in a computer?
    a) Store data
    b) Process data
    c) Supply power to the components
    d) Connect peripherals
    c) Supply power to the components
11. Which of the following is an example of a solid-state storage device?
    a) Hard Drive
    b) CD-ROM
    c) SSD
    d) DVD
    c) SSD
12. What does the term “bit” stand for?
    a) Binary Information Token
    b) Binary Digit
    c) Binary Interface Technology
    d) Binary Input Table
    b) Binary Digit
13. Which part of the computer is used to connect external devices?
    a) Motherboard
    b) Expansion Card
    c) USB Port
    d) RAM
    c) USB Port
14. What type of memory is typically used for cache?
    a) RAM
    b) ROM
    c) DRAM
    d) SRAM
    d) SRAM
15. Which of the following components is used to cool the CPU?
    a) Heat Sink
    b) Power Supply
    c) RAM
    d) Hard Drive
    a) Heat Sink
16. Which storage device uses magnetic storage technology?
    a) SSD
    b) Hard Drive
    c) DVD
    d) CD-ROM
    b) Hard Drive
17. What is the function of the network interface card (NIC)?
    a) Store data
    b) Process data
    c) Connect to a network
    d) Output data
    c) Connect to a network
18. What does “BIOS” stand for?
    a) Binary Input Output System
    b) Basic Input Output System
    c) Basic Integrated Operating System
    d) Binary Integrated Operating System
    b) Basic Input Output System
19. Which of the following is not a type of computer bus?
    a) Data Bus
    b) Address Bus
    c) Control Bus
    d) Processing Bus
    d) Processing Bus
20. Which type of connector is commonly used for connecting monitors to computers?
    a) VGA
    b) HDMI
    c) USB
    d) Ethernet
    b) HDMI
21. Which of the following is an example of volatile memory?
    a) Hard Disk
    b) SSD
    c) RAM
    d) ROM
    c) RAM
22. What does “USB” stand for?
    a) Universal System Bus
    b) Universal Serial Bus
    c) Universal Secure Bus
    d) Universal Synchronization Bus
    b) Universal Serial Bus
23. Which component stores the startup instructions for the computer?
    a) CPU
    b) RAM
    c) BIOS
    d) GPU
    c) BIOS
24. What is the primary function of the RAM in a computer?
    a) Store data permanently
    b) Process data
    c) Store data temporarily
    d) Output data
    c) Store data temporarily
25. Which of the following is used to measure the speed of a CPU?
    a) Hertz
    b) Bytes
    c) Watts
    d) Pixels
    a) Hertz
26. Which component converts AC power to DC power in a computer?
    a) Motherboard
    b) Power Supply Unit
    c) CPU
    d) RAM
    b) Power Supply Unit
27. What does “SSD” stand for?
    a) Solid-State Disk
    b) Solid-State Drive
    c) System Storage Device
    d) Secure Storage Device
    b) Solid-State Drive
28. Which of the following ports is typically used for high-speed data transfer?
    a) USB
    b) VGA
    c) Ethernet
    d) HDMI
    a) USB
29. What is the main function of the hard drive in a computer?
    a) Process data
    b) Store data permanently
    c) Output data
    d) Connect to the internet
    b) Store data permanently
30. Which of the following is a characteristic of an SSD compared to an HDD?
    a) Slower read/write speeds
    b) Higher power consumption
    c) No moving parts
    d) Larger physical size
    c) No moving parts
31. What type of port is commonly used for connecting audio devices?
    a) USB
    b) Ethernet
    c) 3.5mm Jack
    d) HDMI
    c) 3.5mm Jack
32. Which memory is used to store the operating system while the computer is running?
    a) ROM
    b) RAM
    c) Cache
    d) Hard Drive
    b) RAM
33. Which component is responsible for rendering images and video on a computer?
    a) CPU
    b) RAM
    c) GPU
    d) SSD
    c) GPU
34. What does “DRAM” stand for?
    a) Dynamic Random Access Memory
    b) Direct Random Access Memory
    c) Dual Random Access Memory
    d) Digital Random Access Memory
    a) Dynamic Random Access Memory
35. Which type of memory is used for the computer’s immediate storage needs?
    a) RAM
    b) ROM
    c) Hard Drive
    d) SSD
    a) RAM
36. Which port is commonly used for wired network connections?
    a) USB
    b) HDMI
    c) Ethernet
    d) VGA
    c) Ethernet
37. Which component allows the CPU to communicate with peripheral devices?
    a) RAM
    b) BIOS
    c) Expansion Bus
    d) GPU
    c) Expansion Bus
38. What does “ALU” stand for in the context of CPU architecture?
    a) Arithmetic Logic Unit
    b) Advanced Logic Unit
    c) Arithmetic Link Unit
    d) Advanced Link Unit
    a) Arithmetic Logic Unit
39. Which of the following is used to expand the computer’s capabilities by adding more features?
    a) RAM
    b) Expansion Card
    c) Hard Drive
    d) SSD
    b) Expansion Card
40. What is the purpose of a heat sink in a computer?
    a) Store data
    b) Cool components
    c) Process data
    d) Transfer data
    b) Cool components
41. Which of the following devices is used to store and retrieve data?
    a) Printer
    b) Monitor
    c) Hard Disk
    d) Keyboard
    c) Hard Disk
42. Which type of cable is commonly used for video output to a monitor?
    a) USB
    b) Ethernet
    c) HDMI
    d) Audio Jack
    c) HDMI
43. What does “PSU” stand for in the context of computer hardware?
    a) Power System Unit
    b) Power Supply Unit
    c) Processing System Unit
    d) Processing Supply Unit
    b) Power Supply Unit
44. Which memory type is the fastest in terms of access speed?
    a) RAM
    b) ROM
    c) Cache
    d) Hard Drive
    c) Cache
45. What is the main purpose of the fan in a computer system?
    a) Store data
    b) Process data
    c) Cool the system
    d) Output data
    c) Cool the system
46. Which type of memory requires constant power to retain data?
    a) RAM
    b) ROM
    c) Hard Drive
    d) SSD
    a) RAM
47. What is the primary function of the control unit within the CPU?
    a) Perform calculations
    b) Store data
    c) Direct operations
    d) Connect peripherals
    c) Direct operations
48. Which of the following is an example of input hardware?
    a) Printer
    b) Scanner
    c) Monitor
    d) Speaker
    b) Scanner
49. What does “PCI” stand for?
    a) Peripheral Component Interconnect
    b) Peripheral Component Interface
    c) Processing Component Interconnect
    d) Processing Component Interface
    a) Peripheral Component Interconnect
50. Which of the following is a characteristic of ROM?
    a) Volatile
    b) Read-only
    c) Writable
    d) Slow access speed
    b) Read-only